Consider the two-story building below that is experiencing horizontal ground motion. Suppose that we model the building as a single-degree-of-freedom oscillator with ground motion y(t). Let m be the ...

Keywords: Ground motion. Spatial variability. Long span bridges. Highway bridges. Wave passage effect. Incoherence effect. Local soil conditions. Monte Carlo methods. Artificial time histories.

Explaining the principles that underlie strong ground motion simulation, this publication describes various methods for simulating strong ground motions, and presents some examples of strong ground ...

Understanding the shaking caused by earthquakes is crucial if we are to prepare for these events – but the impact of an earthquake on people and cities depends on more than magnitude alone. The ...