This is a preview. Log in through your library . Abstract Background and Aims Organisms often balance among reproduction, growth and survival. When these processes are in competition, selection may ...

Imagine a photograph of your great-grandparents, grandparents and parents side by side. You’d see a resemblance, but each generation would look distinct from its predecessors. This is the process of ...

The ferns and their relatives first appear in the fossil record some 360 million years ago in the late Devonian period. They diversified into many of the modern fern families and species during the ...

(a) Sporophytes and (b) independent gametophytes. (c) Strap-like individual gametophytes under the microscope. Scale bar is 5.0mm. (d) Clonal forming (reproduction) by gametophytes under the ...

There is something otherworldly about ferns. Their fronds suggest feathers and wings, and so when looking at them you may think of taking flight, most likely into the pre-historic past when they ...

It was an early April morning and Nature was playing tricks on us. The weather had been cold and raw for days, but then suddenly there was a break from the trend. The temperature soared into the high ...

Ferns — these ancient, feathery wonders — bring an unmatched sense of grace, mystery and lush texture to any shaded garden. These fascinating plants, with their delicate fronds and rich diversity, are ...

There is something otherworldly about ferns. Their fronds suggest feathers and wings, and so when looking at them you may think of taking flight, most likely into the pre-historic past when they ...