If your introduction to digital electronics came more years ago than you’d care to mention, the chances are you did so with 5V TTL logic. Above 2V but usually pretty close to 5V is a logic 1, below ...

This series of articles reviews basic concepts, and is intended for hardware and software engineers working with embedded systems. In previous sessions we covered some of the fundamental electronic ...

Logic gates are the bricks and mortar of digital electronics, implementing a logical operation on one or more binary inputs to produce a single output. These operations are what make all computations ...

Since 1972, scientists have known there are four basic circuit components, but if you’ve spent any time in an electrical engineering classroom, you probably only have experience with three: capacitor, ...

A fundamental goal of synthetic biology is to predictably and efficiently reprogram cells to perform computations and carry out specific biological tasks 1. Cells genetically engineered with ...

For a long time, I have thought that pulse generator outputs should not have adjustable amplitude and offset. Instead, they should have an adjustable top value and a separately adjustable bottom value ...

There have been many different ideas presented for increasing the acoustic output of a piezo buzzer or ultrasonic transducer. Most of them involve rather complicated circuitry that drives up the total ...

Here is a full guide for you to generate a Truth Table in Windows 11/10. A truth table basically displays outputs for all possible combinations of input values to a logic gate or circuit. It either ...

Logic Gates are among the important components of a circuit. All the logical operations required to perform a particular task in an electronic circuit are carried by these logic gates. If you are an ...